A small tool to view real-world ActivityPub objects as JSON! Enter a URL
or username from Mastodon or a similar service below, and we'll send a
request with
the right
Accept
header
to the server to view the underlying object.
{
"@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
"type": "OrderedCollectionPage",
"orderedItems": [
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1400030920584466450",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "Throughout history, Black women have faced the uphill battles of both racial and gender biases, especially in male-dominated STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) fields. Even so, many overcome their adverse circumstances, making invaluable contributions to the scientific community, particularly in the United States Space Program. The issue, however, is that the contributions these brilliant pioneers made largely went unnoticed.<br /><br />NASA scientists including Katherine Johnson, Dorothy Vaughan and Mary Jackson began to get some overdue credit, however, when author Margot Lee Shetterly released her 2016 tome, Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Who Helped Win the Space Race. A film adaptation with the shortened title, Hidden Figures, hit theaters the same year to great acclaim, earning three Oscar nominations, including one for Best Picture.<br /><br />These works told the stories of the women of color largely hired by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA, later NASA) during World War II to work as “human computers,” manually crunching numbers, filling the many vacancies left by those fighting the war overseas. <br /><br />President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a 1941 executive order into law that prohibited racial, religious and ethnic discrimination in the country’s defense injury, thus paving the way for these “hidden figures’” advancements. While there are no official numbers on how many women filled these roles over the years, experts have estimated there were several hundred over the years. (Shetterly’s estimate was in the thousands.)",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1400030920584466450",
"published": "2022-07-30T08:23:02+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "Throughout history, Black women have faced the uphill battles of both racial and gender biases, especially in male-dominated STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) fields. Even so, many overcome their adverse circumstances, making invaluable contributions to the scientific community, particularly in the United States Space Program. The issue, however, is that the contributions these brilliant pioneers made largely went unnoticed.\n\nNASA scientists including Katherine Johnson, Dorothy Vaughan and Mary Jackson began to get some overdue credit, however, when author Margot Lee Shetterly released her 2016 tome, Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Who Helped Win the Space Race. A film adaptation with the shortened title, Hidden Figures, hit theaters the same year to great acclaim, earning three Oscar nominations, including one for Best Picture.\n\nThese works told the stories of the women of color largely hired by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA, later NASA) during World War II to work as “human computers,” manually crunching numbers, filling the many vacancies left by those fighting the war overseas. \n\nPresident Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a 1941 executive order into law that prohibited racial, religious and ethnic discrimination in the country’s defense injury, thus paving the way for these “hidden figures’” advancements. While there are no official numbers on how many women filled these roles over the years, experts have estimated there were several hundred over the years. (Shetterly’s estimate was in the thousands.)",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1400030920584466450/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1398843975770574851",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "Army<br />Military hero and seventh president of the United States (1829'37). Captured Pensacola twice from the Spanish, once during the First Seminole War and again during the War of 1812. After receiving Florida from Spain in 1821 for the United States, Jackson became Florida's 1st Territorial Governor.<br /><br />Birth Location: <br />South Carolina, US<br />Birth Date: <br />3/15/1767<br />Death Location: <br />Nashville, Tennessee, US<br />Death Date: <br />6/8/1845",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1398843975770574851",
"published": "2022-07-27T01:46:32+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "Army\nMilitary hero and seventh president of the United States (1829'37). Captured Pensacola twice from the Spanish, once during the First Seminole War and again during the War of 1812. After receiving Florida from Spain in 1821 for the United States, Jackson became Florida's 1st Territorial Governor.\n\nBirth Location: \nSouth Carolina, US\nBirth Date: \n3/15/1767\nDeath Location: \nNashville, Tennessee, US\nDeath Date: \n6/8/1845",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1398843975770574851/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1398843230350479366",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "Britain's first female prime minister from 1979'90<br />Conservative Party politician<br />First woman prime minister in Europe.<br /><br />Birth Location: <br />Grantham, Lincolnshire, England<br />Birth Date: <br />10/13/1925<br />Death Date: <br />4/8/2013",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1398843230350479366",
"published": "2022-07-27T01:43:34+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "Britain's first female prime minister from 1979'90\nConservative Party politician\nFirst woman prime minister in Europe.\n\nBirth Location: \nGrantham, Lincolnshire, England\nBirth Date: \n10/13/1925\nDeath Date: \n4/8/2013",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1398843230350479366/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1398842394849316867",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "German Field Marshal. Led a number of Air Fleets in the early part of World War II. Theatre commander in North Africa and Italy. Albert Kesselring served in the German army during World War I. He transferred to Luftwaffe in 1933 and in 1936 he became chief of the Luftwaffe general staff. During the first years of World War II, Kesselring commanded a number of Luftlottes or Air Fleets including: Luftlotte 1 during the Polish Campaign; and Luftlotte 2 during the French Campaign and the Battle of Britain. After 1941, his duties were expanded to include command of both land and air forces. First, he was appointed commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean where he eventually supervised the evacuation of Tunisia in May, 1943. Then he was appointed commander-in-chief of Italy and of Army Group C in late 1943. During the next year he managed a highly successful defensive campaign in Italy until he was seriously wounded when his staff car collided with a heavy gun in transit. He returned briefly to command in the closing months of the war. He was captured and sentenced to death based on war crimes (the massacre of 320 Italian prisoners). His sentence was commuted to life. He was eventually released in 1952 because of health reasons. He died in 1960.<br /><br />Birth Location: <br />Marktsheft, Bavaria, Germany<br />Birth Date: <br />11/20/1885<br />Death Location: <br />Bad Nauheim, Germany<br />Death Date: <br />7/16/1960",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1398842394849316867",
"published": "2022-07-27T01:40:15+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "German Field Marshal. Led a number of Air Fleets in the early part of World War II. Theatre commander in North Africa and Italy. Albert Kesselring served in the German army during World War I. He transferred to Luftwaffe in 1933 and in 1936 he became chief of the Luftwaffe general staff. During the first years of World War II, Kesselring commanded a number of Luftlottes or Air Fleets including: Luftlotte 1 during the Polish Campaign; and Luftlotte 2 during the French Campaign and the Battle of Britain. After 1941, his duties were expanded to include command of both land and air forces. First, he was appointed commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean where he eventually supervised the evacuation of Tunisia in May, 1943. Then he was appointed commander-in-chief of Italy and of Army Group C in late 1943. During the next year he managed a highly successful defensive campaign in Italy until he was seriously wounded when his staff car collided with a heavy gun in transit. He returned briefly to command in the closing months of the war. He was captured and sentenced to death based on war crimes (the massacre of 320 Italian prisoners). His sentence was commuted to life. He was eventually released in 1952 because of health reasons. He died in 1960.\n\nBirth Location: \nMarktsheft, Bavaria, Germany\nBirth Date: \n11/20/1885\nDeath Location: \nBad Nauheim, Germany\nDeath Date: \n7/16/1960",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1398842394849316867/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1398745303984640020",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "One of the oldest families of the American Mafia has also endured some of its most notorious scandals, beginning with the Luciano-ordered assassination of Maranzano that placed 26-year-old Joe Bonanno in charge of the organization. Although he strengthened his authority by allying with the Profaci family, Bonanno departed after his plan to murder Tommy Lucchese and Carlo Gambino was uncovered in 1964, setting off a family power struggle known as the Banana War. The following decade, acting boss Carmine Galante courted more trouble by killing the rival gangs that were butting into his drug-trafficking operation, leading to his assassination in 1979. Meanwhile, FBI agent Joe Pistone had infiltrated the family under the alias Donnie Brasco, his six years undercover leading to 100 convictions. Despite all this, the Bonannos managed to regain their footing under the leadership of Big Joey Massino, until he became the first New York crime boss to turn informant following his 2003 arrest",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1398745303984640020",
"published": "2022-07-26T19:14:27+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "One of the oldest families of the American Mafia has also endured some of its most notorious scandals, beginning with the Luciano-ordered assassination of Maranzano that placed 26-year-old Joe Bonanno in charge of the organization. Although he strengthened his authority by allying with the Profaci family, Bonanno departed after his plan to murder Tommy Lucchese and Carlo Gambino was uncovered in 1964, setting off a family power struggle known as the Banana War. The following decade, acting boss Carmine Galante courted more trouble by killing the rival gangs that were butting into his drug-trafficking operation, leading to his assassination in 1979. Meanwhile, FBI agent Joe Pistone had infiltrated the family under the alias Donnie Brasco, his six years undercover leading to 100 convictions. Despite all this, the Bonannos managed to regain their footing under the leadership of Big Joey Massino, until he became the first New York crime boss to turn informant following his 2003 arrest",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1398745303984640020/activity"
},
{
"type": "Announce",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/832310054785916947/entities/urn:activity:1397933808266776582",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/832310054785916947",
"content": "<a href=\"https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1397933808266776582\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1397933808266776582</a>",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/832310054785916947/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1397933808266776582",
"published": "2022-07-24T13:29:51+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1397933808266776582",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1397963837214298113/activity",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/832310054785916947",
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
]
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1397916315812892689",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "Ukraine’s New Fiat Restrictions to Boost Popularity of Crypto, Industry Says<br /><br /><br /><br />The central bank of Ukraine has adjusted the fixed exchange rate of the national currency in U.S. dollars and introduced stricter limits on hryvnia transactions for citizens. The measures are likely to turn more Ukrainians to cryptocurrencies, according to a representative of the local crypto sector.<br /><br />War-Time Hryvnia Limits Expected to Increase Interest in Cryptocurrency<br /><br />The National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) has introduced new rules in response to the changing fundamentals of the country’s economy during an ongoing military conflict with Russia. The monetary authority devalued the Ukrainian hryvnia against the strong U.S. dollars by 25% on Thursday and set new limits on banking operations with the national fiat.<br /><br />According to the updated regulations for private individuals, enforced on July 21, banks can sell non-cash foreign currency to their customers only if the amounts are deposited for a period of at least three months, without an option to terminate the contract.<br /><br />The 50,000-hryvnia ceiling for withdrawals from payment cards has now been substituted with a weekly limit of 12,500 ($340). Peer-to-peer transfers abroad from cards issued by Ukrainian banks have been cut from 100,000 hryvnia (approx. $2,700) to 30,000 hryvnia ($800). And the limit for cross-border settlements with hryvnia cards has been set at 100,000 per month.<br /><br /><br /><br />All the measures introduced since the beginning of the war are temporary and allow the economy to survive, assured NBU Governor Kirill Shevchenko. However, they are seriously affecting Ukrainians, especially those millions of the nation’s citizens who have been forced to leave the country and are still unable to return.<br /><br />The latest NBU restrictions may lead to a surge of Ukrainians’ interest in cryptocurrencies, the founder of the Ukrainian crypto exchange Kuna, Mikhail Chobanyan, commented for the crypto news outlet Forklog. “We expect an increase in turnover and use of cryptocurrencies. In Europe, 100,000 hryvnias is nothing,” the entrepreneur added.<br /><br />Chobanyan also noted that the new limits will hinder the work of volunteers, since most of the humanitarian assistance is purchased with cards issued by Ukrainian banks and owned by individuals. “Now we will completely switch these flows to crypto,” said Chobanyan who described the central bank’s policy as aggressive and warned that Ukrainian banks and the state budget will be the losers.<br /><br />",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1397916315812892689",
"published": "2022-07-24T12:20:21+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "Ukraine’s New Fiat Restrictions to Boost Popularity of Crypto, Industry Says\n\n\n\nThe central bank of Ukraine has adjusted the fixed exchange rate of the national currency in U.S. dollars and introduced stricter limits on hryvnia transactions for citizens. The measures are likely to turn more Ukrainians to cryptocurrencies, according to a representative of the local crypto sector.\n\nWar-Time Hryvnia Limits Expected to Increase Interest in Cryptocurrency\n\nThe National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) has introduced new rules in response to the changing fundamentals of the country’s economy during an ongoing military conflict with Russia. The monetary authority devalued the Ukrainian hryvnia against the strong U.S. dollars by 25% on Thursday and set new limits on banking operations with the national fiat.\n\nAccording to the updated regulations for private individuals, enforced on July 21, banks can sell non-cash foreign currency to their customers only if the amounts are deposited for a period of at least three months, without an option to terminate the contract.\n\nThe 50,000-hryvnia ceiling for withdrawals from payment cards has now been substituted with a weekly limit of 12,500 ($340). Peer-to-peer transfers abroad from cards issued by Ukrainian banks have been cut from 100,000 hryvnia (approx. $2,700) to 30,000 hryvnia ($800). And the limit for cross-border settlements with hryvnia cards has been set at 100,000 per month.\n\n\n\nAll the measures introduced since the beginning of the war are temporary and allow the economy to survive, assured NBU Governor Kirill Shevchenko. However, they are seriously affecting Ukrainians, especially those millions of the nation’s citizens who have been forced to leave the country and are still unable to return.\n\nThe latest NBU restrictions may lead to a surge of Ukrainians’ interest in cryptocurrencies, the founder of the Ukrainian crypto exchange Kuna, Mikhail Chobanyan, commented for the crypto news outlet Forklog. “We expect an increase in turnover and use of cryptocurrencies. In Europe, 100,000 hryvnias is nothing,” the entrepreneur added.\n\nChobanyan also noted that the new limits will hinder the work of volunteers, since most of the humanitarian assistance is purchased with cards issued by Ukrainian banks and owned by individuals. “Now we will completely switch these flows to crypto,” said Chobanyan who described the central bank’s policy as aggressive and warned that Ukrainian banks and the state budget will be the losers.\n\n",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1397916315812892689/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1397915094452539407",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "Brandon Lee was an action film star and the son of actor Bruce Lee. His untimely death was caused by a prop gun accident on the set of the film The Crow<br /><br /><br />Who Was Brandon Lee?<br /><br />Brandon Lee is the son of martial arts star Bruce Lee. After his father’s death, Lee moved to Seattle with his mother and sister. He left college and took up acting. Lee was cast in The Crow and, during the accident-ridden production, was shot by a mishandled prop gun and died of the injury. The film was completed and released after Lee's death.<br /><br />Early Life<br /><br />Lee was born on February 1, 1965, in Oakland, California. Son of martial arts expert and actor Bruce, Lee had his promising career cut short by tragedy, much like his father. He spent some of his early years in Hong Kong. Sadly, Lee lost his father when he was only 8 years old. Bruce died of cerebral edema, a build-up of fluid in the brain, in Hong Kong under mysterious circumstances. After his father's death, he moved to Seattle with his mother and sister.<br /><br />To be continue..",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1397915094452539407",
"published": "2022-07-24T12:15:29+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "Brandon Lee was an action film star and the son of actor Bruce Lee. His untimely death was caused by a prop gun accident on the set of the film The Crow\n\n\nWho Was Brandon Lee?\n\nBrandon Lee is the son of martial arts star Bruce Lee. After his father’s death, Lee moved to Seattle with his mother and sister. He left college and took up acting. Lee was cast in The Crow and, during the accident-ridden production, was shot by a mishandled prop gun and died of the injury. The film was completed and released after Lee's death.\n\nEarly Life\n\nLee was born on February 1, 1965, in Oakland, California. Son of martial arts expert and actor Bruce, Lee had his promising career cut short by tragedy, much like his father. He spent some of his early years in Hong Kong. Sadly, Lee lost his father when he was only 8 years old. Bruce died of cerebral edema, a build-up of fluid in the brain, in Hong Kong under mysterious circumstances. After his father's death, he moved to Seattle with his mother and sister.\n\nTo be continue..",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1397915094452539407/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1397483579029590019",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "Arthur Wesley was born in Dublin, Ireland, on 1 May, 1769 to the 1st Earl of Mornington, and his spouse, Anne. A withdrawn and quiet boy, leading to his not making efficient headway in his education at Eton, he was enrolled in a French military academy, despite having little desire for military service. Upon graduation, he was commissioned into the service of the Irish Viceroy, and occupied his family’s seat in parliament for Trim from 1790-1797. While at this station, he extended an offer of marriage to Catherine Pakenham, and was rejected. She would, however, accept his offer 10 years later.<br /><br />In 1794, he saw battle in Flanders, and two years later he found himself fighting in India, under his brother, the Governor General. Wesley received a knighthood for his service, mandating his name change from Wesley to Wellesley. After many campaigns, he departed India for England in 1805.<br /><br />The next few years saw Wellesley serve in political and military roles simultaneously. He was compelled to join parliament in the defense of his brother, whom some politicians were attacking for actions in India. From 1806 to 1808 he was the chief secretary for the Tory party of Ireland.<br /><br />Arthur was promoted to lieutenant general in April of 1808, and sent with an army to fight French forces in Portugal, where the native inhabitants were in full rebellion against Napoleon. He successfully defeated France’s soldiers in several battles on the peninsula, before losing command to recently arrived superiors, who quickly signed an unpopular treaty. Wellesley and his commanders were court-martialed for the treaty, however, Wellesley was acquitted.<br /><br />After the end of the peninsular campaign in 1814, he was granted the title of Duke of Wellington, and given the wealth and honors the position was entitled to. The following year, Arthur Wellesley accomplished his most monumental feat, and that which he is most known for today, by defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo.<br /><br />He returned to his home in 1818, and joined the Tory cabinet of the Earl of Liverpool. His post-military, political career was not overly successful. He failed to stop the breakdown of the quadruple alliance at the 1822 Congress of Verona, and also was particularly effective in his Russian negotiations in 1826. However, he did earn a reputation as an honest man, which aided in his appointment to British Prime Minister on January 9, 1828.<br /><br />As Prime Minister, the Duke’s popularity wavered slightly, due to his very conservative stances on many issues. He is however credited with bringing about the Catholic Emancipation of Ireland, giving most basic civil rights to Catholics in the UK. His uncompromising character and style of leadership earned him the nickname “The Iron Duke”. In 1830, Wellesley was removed from office via a vote of no confidence, brought about by his rejection of The Reform Act.<br /><br />In 1832 and 1834, he had the opportunity to again become Prime Minister, but declined to do so, instead becoming the foreign secretary under the new Prime Minister, Lord Peel. He later served from 1841 to 1846 as the Leader of the House of Lords, and Minister without Portfolio. In 1848, the Iron Duke performed his last public action, handling the calm protection of London from possible Chartist revolutionary violence.<br /><br />After his official retirement, Wellesley was still consulted by many politicians on matters of state until his death from a stroke in 1852. <br /><br />Birth Location: <br />Dublin, Ireland<br />Birth Date: <br />1769<br />Death Location: <br />Walmer Castle, Kent, England<br />Death Date: <br />9/14/1852",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1397483579029590019",
"published": "2022-07-23T07:40:48+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "Arthur Wesley was born in Dublin, Ireland, on 1 May, 1769 to the 1st Earl of Mornington, and his spouse, Anne. A withdrawn and quiet boy, leading to his not making efficient headway in his education at Eton, he was enrolled in a French military academy, despite having little desire for military service. Upon graduation, he was commissioned into the service of the Irish Viceroy, and occupied his family’s seat in parliament for Trim from 1790-1797. While at this station, he extended an offer of marriage to Catherine Pakenham, and was rejected. She would, however, accept his offer 10 years later.\n\nIn 1794, he saw battle in Flanders, and two years later he found himself fighting in India, under his brother, the Governor General. Wesley received a knighthood for his service, mandating his name change from Wesley to Wellesley. After many campaigns, he departed India for England in 1805.\n\nThe next few years saw Wellesley serve in political and military roles simultaneously. He was compelled to join parliament in the defense of his brother, whom some politicians were attacking for actions in India. From 1806 to 1808 he was the chief secretary for the Tory party of Ireland.\n\nArthur was promoted to lieutenant general in April of 1808, and sent with an army to fight French forces in Portugal, where the native inhabitants were in full rebellion against Napoleon. He successfully defeated France’s soldiers in several battles on the peninsula, before losing command to recently arrived superiors, who quickly signed an unpopular treaty. Wellesley and his commanders were court-martialed for the treaty, however, Wellesley was acquitted.\n\nAfter the end of the peninsular campaign in 1814, he was granted the title of Duke of Wellington, and given the wealth and honors the position was entitled to. The following year, Arthur Wellesley accomplished his most monumental feat, and that which he is most known for today, by defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo.\n\nHe returned to his home in 1818, and joined the Tory cabinet of the Earl of Liverpool. His post-military, political career was not overly successful. He failed to stop the breakdown of the quadruple alliance at the 1822 Congress of Verona, and also was particularly effective in his Russian negotiations in 1826. However, he did earn a reputation as an honest man, which aided in his appointment to British Prime Minister on January 9, 1828.\n\nAs Prime Minister, the Duke’s popularity wavered slightly, due to his very conservative stances on many issues. He is however credited with bringing about the Catholic Emancipation of Ireland, giving most basic civil rights to Catholics in the UK. His uncompromising character and style of leadership earned him the nickname “The Iron Duke”. In 1830, Wellesley was removed from office via a vote of no confidence, brought about by his rejection of The Reform Act.\n\nIn 1832 and 1834, he had the opportunity to again become Prime Minister, but declined to do so, instead becoming the foreign secretary under the new Prime Minister, Lord Peel. He later served from 1841 to 1846 as the Leader of the House of Lords, and Minister without Portfolio. In 1848, the Iron Duke performed his last public action, handling the calm protection of London from possible Chartist revolutionary violence.\n\nAfter his official retirement, Wellesley was still consulted by many politicians on matters of state until his death from a stroke in 1852. \n\nBirth Location: \nDublin, Ireland\nBirth Date: \n1769\nDeath Location: \nWalmer Castle, Kent, England\nDeath Date: \n9/14/1852",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1397483579029590019/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1397117678312755213",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "Statesman, President<br />16th President of the United States. Under his leadership the Union was preserved. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation to free slaves in rebelling states. He was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth at the close of the war. Abraham Lincoln, arguably the greatest president the United States has seen, was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky. He later moved to Illinois with his family and is most identified with that state. Both his parents, Thomas and Nancy Hanks Lincoln (his mother died when Abraham was just 9 years old), were illiterate, but, as a child, Lincoln read as much as possible when not at work on the family farm. His choices of books were slim on the American frontier, but what he did read he learned through and through. In 1828 and again in 1831, Lincoln made two trips down the great Mississippi River on flatboats, exposing the future President to the vastness of the American territory and the importance of the Mississippi River to both commerce and transportation for a large part of the nation. He served in the Illinois militia during the brief Black Hawk War but never saw action. However, he was elected to the rank of Captain. The same year, 1832, Lincoln ran for the Illinois Legislature but lost. He then concentrated on his career as a lawyer.<br /><br />In 1842, Abraham Lincoln married Mary Todd, with whom he would have four children, only of whom would survive to adulthood. He continued to practice law, but, in 1847, politics again called. He ran for a seat in the U. S. House of Representatives, and unlike his first attempt at public office, he won. He served only the one term in the 30th Congress where he opposed and spoke out on the Mexican War, but otherwise had an uneventful and unimpressive term. He returned to Illinois and again concentrated on his legal career, a profession at which he excelled. He ran for the U. S. Senate in 1855 and lost, but ran again in 1858 against Stephen A. Douglas. It was the campaign against Douglas (which he lost) and the debates between the two men that thrust Lincoln onto the national political stage.<br /><br />In 1860, the still young Republic party nominated Lincoln for the presidency of the United States. He was the second presidential contender in the history of the Republican Party (John C. Frémont ran on the Republican ticket in 1856.) The Democrats, who split along sectional lines, nominated two men: John C. Breckinridge for the Southern Democrats and Stephan A. Douglas for the Northern Democrats. A fourth candidate, John Bell, ran under the banner of the Constitutional Union Party. Lincoln won all the northern states except New Jersey, plus California and Oregon, pulling in180 Electoral College votes and almost 40% of the popular vote. It wasn't bad for a candidate who didn't even appear on the ballot in Southern states. John C. Breckinridge took the South except for Maryland (which went for Bell) with 72 electoral votes and 18% of the popular vote. Stephen Douglas won Missouri and New Jersey, 12 electoral votes, and 29.5% of the popular vote. John Bell won Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee, carrying 39 Electoral College votes and 12.6% of the popular vote.<br /><br />The election of Lincoln caused great concern in the South, for it was believed that Lincoln, more than any of the other candidates running in 1860, posed a threat to the institution of slavery. No matter what Lincoln said to try and persuade Southerners that he did not want to abolish slavery, they didn't listen. On December 20, just six weeks after Lincoln was elected and three months before he even took office, South Carolina seceded from the Union. Soon thereafter, the other cotton states in the lower South followed suit and left the Union. Between Lincoln's election in November 1860 and his inauguration in March 1861, the situation in the South deteriorated. Union troops were holed up in Forts Sumter and Pickens and state troops throughout the Lower South were seizing federal arsenals and their caches of weapons.<br /><br />On March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated as the 16th President of the United States. Appointed to his cabinet were many Radical Republicans, including Edwin M. Stanton, Salmon P. Chase, and Charles F. Adams as Minister to Great Britain. Six weeks after the inaugural, Confederate forces under the Command of P. G. T. Beauregard commenced a two-day bombardment of Fort Sumter in Charleston Harborthe American Civil War had begun. <br /><br />*Lincoln took immediate action due to the events at Fort Sumter, pressing for the recruitment of over five hundred-thousand soldiers, and designating two million U.S. dollars for military purposes. Lincoln also suspended the writ of habeas corpus, allowing the Union to imprison any sympathizer to the confederacy. This decision drew much ire from many civilian, political, and military sources.<br /> <br />While he had some military experience, it was minimal in nature, leading to Lincoln quickly learning military strategies out of necessity. He did however have a penchant for selecting supreme Union military commanders who, while able in their own rights, botched plans for various reasons. The first General appointed by Lincoln, General George McClellan, caused Lincoln much grief with his non-aggressive nature, allowing Confederate General Lee’s forces to retreat without pursuit after the Union victory at the battle of Antietam in the Fall of 1862. Lincoln removed him from command following that battle, and appointed General George Meade in his place.<br /> <br />January 1 of 1863 saw Lincoln issue the first incarnation of the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing southern slaves, except for the ones in the Union states on the border with the Confederacy. Lincoln is noted as stating that his first objective was to save the union, however, emancipation was also a topic that he held in the highest regard. Lincoln also pushed for an amendment to the U.S. Constitution that prohibited slavery, and his goal was achieved in the form of the 13th amendment a few years later.<br /> <br />After failing to deal a lethal blow to General Lee’s confederate forces at Gettysburg in the summer of 1863, General Meade was removed from command by Lincoln, and leadership was given to a General who had recently achieved victory in Vicksburg, Mississippi: General Ulysses S. Grant. November of the same year saw Lincoln deliver the Gettysburg Address at the dedication of the national cemetery located there.<br /> <br />In 1864 Lincoln ran for, and won, presidential reelection against former Union General George McClellan. Lincoln stated his plans for reconstructing the South in his inaugural address, saying that it must be accomplished “with malice toward none; with charity for all”. The Confederacy surrendered on April 9, 1865, and on April 11 Lincoln gave a victory speech, giving all in attendance the charge of welcoming back the Confederate States with open arms. Three days later, April 14, 1865, saw the president attend Ford’s Theatre in Washington D.C. where a sympathizer of the Confederate cause, and well known actor, John Wilkes Booth infiltrated the Presidents box, and assassinated him with a bullet to the back of the head.<br /> <br />Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, died the following morning.",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1397117678312755213",
"published": "2022-07-22T07:26:51+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "Statesman, President\n16th President of the United States. Under his leadership the Union was preserved. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation to free slaves in rebelling states. He was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth at the close of the war. Abraham Lincoln, arguably the greatest president the United States has seen, was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky. He later moved to Illinois with his family and is most identified with that state. Both his parents, Thomas and Nancy Hanks Lincoln (his mother died when Abraham was just 9 years old), were illiterate, but, as a child, Lincoln read as much as possible when not at work on the family farm. His choices of books were slim on the American frontier, but what he did read he learned through and through. In 1828 and again in 1831, Lincoln made two trips down the great Mississippi River on flatboats, exposing the future President to the vastness of the American territory and the importance of the Mississippi River to both commerce and transportation for a large part of the nation. He served in the Illinois militia during the brief Black Hawk War but never saw action. However, he was elected to the rank of Captain. The same year, 1832, Lincoln ran for the Illinois Legislature but lost. He then concentrated on his career as a lawyer.\n\nIn 1842, Abraham Lincoln married Mary Todd, with whom he would have four children, only of whom would survive to adulthood. He continued to practice law, but, in 1847, politics again called. He ran for a seat in the U. S. House of Representatives, and unlike his first attempt at public office, he won. He served only the one term in the 30th Congress where he opposed and spoke out on the Mexican War, but otherwise had an uneventful and unimpressive term. He returned to Illinois and again concentrated on his legal career, a profession at which he excelled. He ran for the U. S. Senate in 1855 and lost, but ran again in 1858 against Stephen A. Douglas. It was the campaign against Douglas (which he lost) and the debates between the two men that thrust Lincoln onto the national political stage.\n\nIn 1860, the still young Republic party nominated Lincoln for the presidency of the United States. He was the second presidential contender in the history of the Republican Party (John C. Frémont ran on the Republican ticket in 1856.) The Democrats, who split along sectional lines, nominated two men: John C. Breckinridge for the Southern Democrats and Stephan A. Douglas for the Northern Democrats. A fourth candidate, John Bell, ran under the banner of the Constitutional Union Party. Lincoln won all the northern states except New Jersey, plus California and Oregon, pulling in180 Electoral College votes and almost 40% of the popular vote. It wasn't bad for a candidate who didn't even appear on the ballot in Southern states. John C. Breckinridge took the South except for Maryland (which went for Bell) with 72 electoral votes and 18% of the popular vote. Stephen Douglas won Missouri and New Jersey, 12 electoral votes, and 29.5% of the popular vote. John Bell won Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee, carrying 39 Electoral College votes and 12.6% of the popular vote.\n\nThe election of Lincoln caused great concern in the South, for it was believed that Lincoln, more than any of the other candidates running in 1860, posed a threat to the institution of slavery. No matter what Lincoln said to try and persuade Southerners that he did not want to abolish slavery, they didn't listen. On December 20, just six weeks after Lincoln was elected and three months before he even took office, South Carolina seceded from the Union. Soon thereafter, the other cotton states in the lower South followed suit and left the Union. Between Lincoln's election in November 1860 and his inauguration in March 1861, the situation in the South deteriorated. Union troops were holed up in Forts Sumter and Pickens and state troops throughout the Lower South were seizing federal arsenals and their caches of weapons.\n\nOn March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated as the 16th President of the United States. Appointed to his cabinet were many Radical Republicans, including Edwin M. Stanton, Salmon P. Chase, and Charles F. Adams as Minister to Great Britain. Six weeks after the inaugural, Confederate forces under the Command of P. G. T. Beauregard commenced a two-day bombardment of Fort Sumter in Charleston Harborthe American Civil War had begun. \n\n*Lincoln took immediate action due to the events at Fort Sumter, pressing for the recruitment of over five hundred-thousand soldiers, and designating two million U.S. dollars for military purposes. Lincoln also suspended the writ of habeas corpus, allowing the Union to imprison any sympathizer to the confederacy. This decision drew much ire from many civilian, political, and military sources.\n \nWhile he had some military experience, it was minimal in nature, leading to Lincoln quickly learning military strategies out of necessity. He did however have a penchant for selecting supreme Union military commanders who, while able in their own rights, botched plans for various reasons. The first General appointed by Lincoln, General George McClellan, caused Lincoln much grief with his non-aggressive nature, allowing Confederate General Lee’s forces to retreat without pursuit after the Union victory at the battle of Antietam in the Fall of 1862. Lincoln removed him from command following that battle, and appointed General George Meade in his place.\n \nJanuary 1 of 1863 saw Lincoln issue the first incarnation of the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing southern slaves, except for the ones in the Union states on the border with the Confederacy. Lincoln is noted as stating that his first objective was to save the union, however, emancipation was also a topic that he held in the highest regard. Lincoln also pushed for an amendment to the U.S. Constitution that prohibited slavery, and his goal was achieved in the form of the 13th amendment a few years later.\n \nAfter failing to deal a lethal blow to General Lee’s confederate forces at Gettysburg in the summer of 1863, General Meade was removed from command by Lincoln, and leadership was given to a General who had recently achieved victory in Vicksburg, Mississippi: General Ulysses S. Grant. November of the same year saw Lincoln deliver the Gettysburg Address at the dedication of the national cemetery located there.\n \nIn 1864 Lincoln ran for, and won, presidential reelection against former Union General George McClellan. Lincoln stated his plans for reconstructing the South in his inaugural address, saying that it must be accomplished “with malice toward none; with charity for all”. The Confederacy surrendered on April 9, 1865, and on April 11 Lincoln gave a victory speech, giving all in attendance the charge of welcoming back the Confederate States with open arms. Three days later, April 14, 1865, saw the president attend Ford’s Theatre in Washington D.C. where a sympathizer of the Confederate cause, and well known actor, John Wilkes Booth infiltrated the Presidents box, and assassinated him with a bullet to the back of the head.\n \nAbraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, died the following morning.",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1397117678312755213/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1396746103268839435",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "“When you know your name, you should hang on to it, for unless it is noted down and remembered, it will die when you do,”",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1396746103268839435",
"published": "2022-07-21T06:50:20+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "“When you know your name, you should hang on to it, for unless it is noted down and remembered, it will die when you do,”",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1396746103268839435/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1396300867128266760",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "Austrian born, Adolf Hitler would rise to become the leader of Germany and one of the most hated men in all of history. Born in 1889, Hitler fought in World War I. The peace imposed on Germany after that war angered him, and the rest of his life he sought to reverse the peace that had humiliated his adopted country. In 1919, he founded the National Socialist Worker's Party, and in 1923, he was imprisoned for the Munich Putsch. In 1930, because of the severe economic downturn that he blamed on the Jews, his party won several seats in the German legislature.<br /><br />He used fear and intimidation, particularly the Brownshirts, to consolidate and maintain power. He established the SS, the Gestapo, and Concentration Camps, where Jews and those opposed to Hitler were sent. Hitler began the war in Europe in 1939 when German forces invaded Poland in a blitzkrieg attack. He then invaded France and his neighbors to the North, but failed to subdue Great Britain, who defeated the Germans in the Battle of Britain. In 1941 he invaded the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa) and pushed all the way to Moscow before the Russians were able to stop him.<br /><br />Because of Hitler's refusal to give up any land all ready taken, the Germans suffered defeats at Stalingrad and the Battle of Kursk. The British and Americans also pushed him out of North Africa. In 1944, the Allies landed at Normandy in France, and pushed the Germans further and further back, liberating Europe as they went. Hitler, in one last act of desperation, launched an offensive that became known as the Battle of the Bulge. While the Germans made initial successes, they were eventually halted and forced to retreat.<br /><br />In April 1945, with the Soviets in Berlin and the Americans pushing forward in the west, Hitler committed suicide, along with his long-time mistress and wife for a day, Eva Braun.<br /><br />Germany surrendered May 8, 1945.",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1396300867128266760",
"published": "2022-07-20T01:21:07+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "Austrian born, Adolf Hitler would rise to become the leader of Germany and one of the most hated men in all of history. Born in 1889, Hitler fought in World War I. The peace imposed on Germany after that war angered him, and the rest of his life he sought to reverse the peace that had humiliated his adopted country. In 1919, he founded the National Socialist Worker's Party, and in 1923, he was imprisoned for the Munich Putsch. In 1930, because of the severe economic downturn that he blamed on the Jews, his party won several seats in the German legislature.\n\nHe used fear and intimidation, particularly the Brownshirts, to consolidate and maintain power. He established the SS, the Gestapo, and Concentration Camps, where Jews and those opposed to Hitler were sent. Hitler began the war in Europe in 1939 when German forces invaded Poland in a blitzkrieg attack. He then invaded France and his neighbors to the North, but failed to subdue Great Britain, who defeated the Germans in the Battle of Britain. In 1941 he invaded the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa) and pushed all the way to Moscow before the Russians were able to stop him.\n\nBecause of Hitler's refusal to give up any land all ready taken, the Germans suffered defeats at Stalingrad and the Battle of Kursk. The British and Americans also pushed him out of North Africa. In 1944, the Allies landed at Normandy in France, and pushed the Germans further and further back, liberating Europe as they went. Hitler, in one last act of desperation, launched an offensive that became known as the Battle of the Bulge. While the Germans made initial successes, they were eventually halted and forced to retreat.\n\nIn April 1945, with the Soviets in Berlin and the Americans pushing forward in the west, Hitler committed suicide, along with his long-time mistress and wife for a day, Eva Braun.\n\nGermany surrendered May 8, 1945.",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1396300867128266760/activity"
},
{
"type": "Create",
"actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"object": {
"type": "Note",
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1396213094031560722",
"attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920",
"content": "Mood in 2022",
"to": [
"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public"
],
"cc": [
"https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/followers"
],
"tag": [],
"url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1396213094031560722",
"published": "2022-07-19T19:32:21+00:00",
"source": {
"content": "Mood in 2022",
"mediaType": "text/plain"
}
},
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/entities/urn:activity:1396213094031560722/activity"
}
],
"id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/outbox",
"partOf": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1234257139006971920/outboxoutbox"
}