ActivityPub Viewer

A small tool to view real-world ActivityPub objects as JSON! Enter a URL or username from Mastodon or a similar service below, and we'll send a request with the right Accept header to the server to view the underlying object.

Open in browser →
{ "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams", "type": "OrderedCollectionPage", "orderedItems": [ { "type": "Like", "actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/797009067594752010", "object": { "type": "Note", "id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1305125684468781076/entities/urn:activity:1650528455051186190", "attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1305125684468781076", "content": "Battle of Catalaunian Plains<br />1573 years ago today in 451, King Theodoric and the Visigoths help the Roman Empire stop Atilla The Hun for the first time in the Battle of Catalaunian Plains.<br /><br />Nearly 75 years before this in 376 AD, hundreds of thousands of Visigoths and Ostrogoths sought refuge from the Huns within the Roman Empire. But they were not peaceful, raiding and sacking the Balkans, Gaul, and Italy. Then in a battle noted for their skill and reliance of mounted warriors. The Goths easily defeated the Roman legions and killed Emperor Valens in Battle of Adrianople in 378 AD.<br /><br />The next Roman Emperor Theodosius I was able to make a deal with the Goths, but not from a position of strength. A Roman civil war broke out in 392 and Theodosius’s victory would make him the last emperor to briefly rule the entire Roman Empire. But his death in 394 brought the permanent political division of Eastern & Western Roman territory. The Goths would continue to invade and be offered generous peace treaties from the Romans throughout the next few decades. While the Huns ransacked and conquered all the German provinces that Rome had struggled with for centuries.<br /><br />Atilla the Hun was at the head of a large horde from the Great Hungarian Plain, and his first invasion of the Roman Empire began in 440 AD crossing the Danube River. The Romans were unable to deal with the crisis as they were in a war with the Vandals in Africa. The Huns employed superiorly mounted troops that overcame all on the battlefield. They also used heavy siege weapons, capturing fortified cities in a quick succession never seen before. And their terror spread further as they would commonly massacre entire civilian populations they came across. And Atilla was only stopped by the complex fortifications around Constantinople, famously known as the Theodosian Walls. Which would continue to protect the city for another 1000 years. Atilla remained undefeated militarily except for these walls. And it was not that he failed to storm them but left Roman territory in 447 AD accepting generous tribune payments. He would invade Rome again in 451 AD after tribune payments stopped.<br /><br />Flavius Aetius was a Roman general born in 390 AD. He spent his childhood amongst the Huns as a hostage and would use his influence with them to defeat the Eastern Roman Empire in a civil war. For this Aetius was given a prominent military position in the Western Roman Empire. And he began his career as the last great military leader in Western Roman history. With numerous campaigns against barbarians across the provinces. Aetius was merciful to many of the barbarians he defeated because he was aware that the greatest threat to Rome and all of Europe was the Huns. One of the famous benefactors of his mercy was the Visigoth King Theodoric I.<br /><br />Theodoric was also born in 390 AD, a son of Visigoth King Alaric I who infamously sacked the city of Rome in 410 AD. Theodoric became king in 418 AD and a few years later invaded Italy. He was defeated by the Romans and was mercifully ordered to migrate his people into Gaul (modern day France). There the Goths had their own independent kingdom, with the condition that if the time came. They would answer Rome’s call to war against their common enemy the Huns.<br /><br />The call from Rome came in the spring of 451AD when King Theodoric was old in age. Atilla began his invasion from Germany into Gaul. It was uncertain if Theodoric and his riders would answer Rome’s call for aid. Going to war for such tribal people came at great risk. The warriors riding into almost certain death wasn’t just the end of their lives. But it also implicated the ruin of their families who would be left defenseless in the aftermath. It could become the world’s end for their people. But Theodoric personally answered the call, and his mounted warriors were critical in balancing the upcoming fight.<br /><br />Atilla’s horde surrounded the city of Orleans in early June. An agreement was made to let the Huns into the city without resistance. But the citizens of Orleans were aware of Atilla’s reputation and rioted as the Huns entered. They desperately manned the defenses to keep them out. And as the Huns were about to breach the city, a blast from a Roman horn in the distance announced the arrival of the relief force. Aetius was in route with a collation of Romans, Franks, and Goths. Atilla broke the siege and positioned his army to lure the relief force into a trap. Both sides are each estimated to have fielded 30,000-50,000 soldiers in the upcoming confrontation. The battle began with Atilla unleashing his mounted archers on the Roman infantry who sprang the trap. Theodoric and his riders were positioned on the Roman’s right. And the agony of the Romans was on full display to the Goths. The Romans were not going to win this battle. They would be lucky to even retreat.<br /><br />As he rode to the front of his men, Theodoric could feel the fear from his riders and their uneasy steeds. He had brought them to their doom on behalf of the Romans. And the old king sat bent and motionless on his horse, cowed by age. But now the canopy of clouds over the battlefield parted, and the last few hours of daylight shined on him. As the rays from the sun made his long gray hair appear golden again, a gust of wind went through the Goths. The old king then sprang to life, tall and proud, his voice rose above the ongoing battle as he rode across the front of his men.<br /><br />This wasn’t a fight for conquest or plunder. It arguably wasn’t even a fight for survival. As Theodoric and the Goths could slink away back into the hills to survive on the run like their forefathers. But he reminded them that as their people once fled from this dreaded foe. They had simultaneously brought the great feared hegemony of Rome to their knees. And now Rome had offered them land, their new Christian god, and a league of friendship. While the Huns offered nothing but reckless hate. And today they were not going to flee from this hate, they were going to answer it in kind.<br /><br />The fatherly king reassured his sons that the upcoming battle was nothing to despair. Because no matter the result, this is where mortal men become heroes of songs and legends. Their actions this day will confirm to all who look back that they honored their word to stand against a foe the entire world feared. Now was the hour to fulfill oaths they had taken to him. And if they ride now, ride with their king, they will forever be remembered for it!<br /><br />Theodoric then blew a large horn that was answered by all the horns in the Gothic host. His horse then sprang away towards the Huns. A brief moment of hesitation from the riders appeared, but it was only to raise their weapons to cheer. And their thousands of voices became a singular shout to celebrate their king. The Goths then rode frantically to catch up with Theodoric, but he could not be overtaken. And they followed their king into the pantheon of all Germanic peoples.<br /><br /> The Huns saw the Gothic host building up on their flank and were amused by it. They were going to be challenged by the descendants of men who had fled across Europe to get away from them! The Huns eagerly formed ranks and fired volleys of arrows into the Gothic horsemen, but they could not dent their momentum. The untold number of people murdered by the Huns animated the riders to deliver vengeance. Their thousands of horses rushing onward shook the earth and sounded like a rockslide. And the only noise to rise above it was the roars of the riders bringing them to collision. And soon the Huns were no longer amused. Those of them on foot were trampled to death. And the Huns mounted on horses were hacked to pieces by the passing waves of riders. As they vanquished their once feared foes, the joy of battle was now upon the Goths. They cheered loud and sang as they slew.<br /><br /> The fury of Theodoric had prevented a disaster for the Roman coalition, but his rival was no ordinary chieftain. Atilla personally rode to rally his retreating forces, and he summoned his fiercest warriors upon the Goths. He chastised his men who fled and reminded them that his wrath was the most feared in all of Europe! He also promised a lifetime of wealth to any man who killed this arrogant king that dare challenge them. And with Atilla’s rally and counter-attack, evening came, and darkness began to overtake the battlefield. But Theodoric feared no darkness and would not wait for their onset. Outnumbered, he charged forth and soon his horse was killed, and his body trampled by it. Laying on the battlefield with a broken body, an Amali-Goth fighting for the Huns came up to Theodoric and killed him with a spear. The king’s slayers quickly fled to report of the deed.<br /><br />As the riders came upon the scene, the king’s heir Thorismund was notified of the news. And the Goths sang no more. Some wept at the sight of their slain king they had followed out of doubt and into glory. While they mourned, the Huns across the field salted their wound as they celebrated the man who felled their king. The momentum had now turned against the Goths and all parties watching were unsure of what they would do. Many men in Thorismund’s position would have found an excuse to abandon danger and survive the failing battle. They had already honored their word at great cost. And the concerned Gothic lords asked their new king how they should proceed, but all words failed him. Thorismund’s tearful heartbreak then turned to wrath, and he blew his horn and called for all the riders onto his location.<br /><br />At the front of the riders, Thorismund defiantly held his sword high and reared his horse. And when his steed’s two front legs stomped the ground, the riders answered his call of wrath with one voice, loud and terrible. A chilling cry from grieved men that go seeking death. The Huns were stunned by their renewed onset and pushed all the way into their camp. With Atilla’s focus shifted towards the Goths, Aetius threw in all his reserves to turn the battle into a stalemate. The battle was far from a decisive victory, but the next morning Atilla’s forces left the field. And his “aura of invincibility” shattered for the rest of his life.<br /><br />For his prominent military service, Flavius Aetius would be assassinated by a jealous Emperor. And 25 years after this battle in 476 AD, a day came when the Western Roman Empire was no more. The Franks would also forsake their friendship with the Goths and drive them into Spain. But June 20th 451 AD was not this day. It was a day when a fellowship of men made their stand against the great unstoppable terror of their world.<br /><br /> <br />[Online Refrences]<br /> <br />(<a href=\"https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-the-Catalaunian-Plains\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-the-Catalaunian-Plains</a> )<br /> <br />(<a href=\"https://www.worldhistory.org/article/995/the-battle-of-the-catalaunian-fields/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.worldhistory.org/article/995/the-battle-of-the-catalaunian-fields/</a> )<br /> <br />(<a href=\"https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/the-battle-of-chalons-attilas-stinging-defeat/\" target=\"_blank\">https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/the-battle-of-chalons-attilas-stinging-defeat/</a> )<br /> <br />(<a href=\"https://www.historynet.com/battle-of-chalons-attila-the-hun-versus-flavius-aetius/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.historynet.com/battle-of-chalons-attila-the-hun-versus-flavius-aetius/</a> )<br /> <br /> Artwork by Osprey Publishing(IF ANYONE CAN FIND THE SPECIFC ARTIST’S NAME PLEASE COMMENT BELOW SO I CAN GIVE PROPER CREDIT).<br /><br />Authored by R.E. Foy<br /> <br /><br /><a href=\"https://www.minds.com/search?f=top&amp;t=all&amp;q=otd\" title=\"#otd\" class=\"u-url hashtag\" target=\"_blank\">#otd</a><br /><a href=\"https://www.minds.com/search?f=top&amp;t=all&amp;q=onthisday\" title=\"#onthisday\" class=\"u-url hashtag\" target=\"_blank\">#onthisday</a><br /><a href=\"https://www.minds.com/search?f=top&amp;t=all&amp;q=onthisdayinhistory\" title=\"#onthisdayinhistory\" class=\"u-url hashtag\" target=\"_blank\">#onthisdayinhistory</a><br /><a href=\"https://www.minds.com/search?f=top&amp;t=all&amp;q=history\" title=\"#history\" class=\"u-url hashtag\" target=\"_blank\">#history</a><br /><br />", "to": [ "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public" ], "cc": [ "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1305125684468781076/followers" ], "tag": [], "url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1650528455051186190", "published": "2024-06-20T14:10:48+00:00", "attachment": [ { "type": "Document", "url": "https://cdn.minds.com/fs/v1/thumbnail/1650527961171890177/xlarge/", "mediaType": "image/jpeg", "height": 1152, "width": 1714 } ], "source": { "content": "Battle of Catalaunian Plains\n1573 years ago today in 451, King Theodoric and the Visigoths help the Roman Empire stop Atilla The Hun for the first time in the Battle of Catalaunian Plains.\n\nNearly 75 years before this in 376 AD, hundreds of thousands of Visigoths and Ostrogoths sought refuge from the Huns within the Roman Empire. But they were not peaceful, raiding and sacking the Balkans, Gaul, and Italy. Then in a battle noted for their skill and reliance of mounted warriors. The Goths easily defeated the Roman legions and killed Emperor Valens in Battle of Adrianople in 378 AD.\n\nThe next Roman Emperor Theodosius I was able to make a deal with the Goths, but not from a position of strength. A Roman civil war broke out in 392 and Theodosius’s victory would make him the last emperor to briefly rule the entire Roman Empire. But his death in 394 brought the permanent political division of Eastern & Western Roman territory. The Goths would continue to invade and be offered generous peace treaties from the Romans throughout the next few decades. While the Huns ransacked and conquered all the German provinces that Rome had struggled with for centuries.\n\nAtilla the Hun was at the head of a large horde from the Great Hungarian Plain, and his first invasion of the Roman Empire began in 440 AD crossing the Danube River. The Romans were unable to deal with the crisis as they were in a war with the Vandals in Africa. The Huns employed superiorly mounted troops that overcame all on the battlefield. They also used heavy siege weapons, capturing fortified cities in a quick succession never seen before. And their terror spread further as they would commonly massacre entire civilian populations they came across. And Atilla was only stopped by the complex fortifications around Constantinople, famously known as the Theodosian Walls. Which would continue to protect the city for another 1000 years. Atilla remained undefeated militarily except for these walls. And it was not that he failed to storm them but left Roman territory in 447 AD accepting generous tribune payments. He would invade Rome again in 451 AD after tribune payments stopped.\n\nFlavius Aetius was a Roman general born in 390 AD. He spent his childhood amongst the Huns as a hostage and would use his influence with them to defeat the Eastern Roman Empire in a civil war. For this Aetius was given a prominent military position in the Western Roman Empire. And he began his career as the last great military leader in Western Roman history. With numerous campaigns against barbarians across the provinces. Aetius was merciful to many of the barbarians he defeated because he was aware that the greatest threat to Rome and all of Europe was the Huns. One of the famous benefactors of his mercy was the Visigoth King Theodoric I.\n\nTheodoric was also born in 390 AD, a son of Visigoth King Alaric I who infamously sacked the city of Rome in 410 AD. Theodoric became king in 418 AD and a few years later invaded Italy. He was defeated by the Romans and was mercifully ordered to migrate his people into Gaul (modern day France). There the Goths had their own independent kingdom, with the condition that if the time came. They would answer Rome’s call to war against their common enemy the Huns.\n\nThe call from Rome came in the spring of 451AD when King Theodoric was old in age. Atilla began his invasion from Germany into Gaul. It was uncertain if Theodoric and his riders would answer Rome’s call for aid. Going to war for such tribal people came at great risk. The warriors riding into almost certain death wasn’t just the end of their lives. But it also implicated the ruin of their families who would be left defenseless in the aftermath. It could become the world’s end for their people. But Theodoric personally answered the call, and his mounted warriors were critical in balancing the upcoming fight.\n\nAtilla’s horde surrounded the city of Orleans in early June. An agreement was made to let the Huns into the city without resistance. But the citizens of Orleans were aware of Atilla’s reputation and rioted as the Huns entered. They desperately manned the defenses to keep them out. And as the Huns were about to breach the city, a blast from a Roman horn in the distance announced the arrival of the relief force. Aetius was in route with a collation of Romans, Franks, and Goths. Atilla broke the siege and positioned his army to lure the relief force into a trap. Both sides are each estimated to have fielded 30,000-50,000 soldiers in the upcoming confrontation. The battle began with Atilla unleashing his mounted archers on the Roman infantry who sprang the trap. Theodoric and his riders were positioned on the Roman’s right. And the agony of the Romans was on full display to the Goths. The Romans were not going to win this battle. They would be lucky to even retreat.\n\nAs he rode to the front of his men, Theodoric could feel the fear from his riders and their uneasy steeds. He had brought them to their doom on behalf of the Romans. And the old king sat bent and motionless on his horse, cowed by age. But now the canopy of clouds over the battlefield parted, and the last few hours of daylight shined on him. As the rays from the sun made his long gray hair appear golden again, a gust of wind went through the Goths. The old king then sprang to life, tall and proud, his voice rose above the ongoing battle as he rode across the front of his men.\n\nThis wasn’t a fight for conquest or plunder. It arguably wasn’t even a fight for survival. As Theodoric and the Goths could slink away back into the hills to survive on the run like their forefathers. But he reminded them that as their people once fled from this dreaded foe. They had simultaneously brought the great feared hegemony of Rome to their knees. And now Rome had offered them land, their new Christian god, and a league of friendship. While the Huns offered nothing but reckless hate. And today they were not going to flee from this hate, they were going to answer it in kind.\n\nThe fatherly king reassured his sons that the upcoming battle was nothing to despair. Because no matter the result, this is where mortal men become heroes of songs and legends. Their actions this day will confirm to all who look back that they honored their word to stand against a foe the entire world feared. Now was the hour to fulfill oaths they had taken to him. And if they ride now, ride with their king, they will forever be remembered for it!\n\nTheodoric then blew a large horn that was answered by all the horns in the Gothic host. His horse then sprang away towards the Huns. A brief moment of hesitation from the riders appeared, but it was only to raise their weapons to cheer. And their thousands of voices became a singular shout to celebrate their king. The Goths then rode frantically to catch up with Theodoric, but he could not be overtaken. And they followed their king into the pantheon of all Germanic peoples.\n\n The Huns saw the Gothic host building up on their flank and were amused by it. They were going to be challenged by the descendants of men who had fled across Europe to get away from them! The Huns eagerly formed ranks and fired volleys of arrows into the Gothic horsemen, but they could not dent their momentum. The untold number of people murdered by the Huns animated the riders to deliver vengeance. Their thousands of horses rushing onward shook the earth and sounded like a rockslide. And the only noise to rise above it was the roars of the riders bringing them to collision. And soon the Huns were no longer amused. Those of them on foot were trampled to death. And the Huns mounted on horses were hacked to pieces by the passing waves of riders. As they vanquished their once feared foes, the joy of battle was now upon the Goths. They cheered loud and sang as they slew.\n\n The fury of Theodoric had prevented a disaster for the Roman coalition, but his rival was no ordinary chieftain. Atilla personally rode to rally his retreating forces, and he summoned his fiercest warriors upon the Goths. He chastised his men who fled and reminded them that his wrath was the most feared in all of Europe! He also promised a lifetime of wealth to any man who killed this arrogant king that dare challenge them. And with Atilla’s rally and counter-attack, evening came, and darkness began to overtake the battlefield. But Theodoric feared no darkness and would not wait for their onset. Outnumbered, he charged forth and soon his horse was killed, and his body trampled by it. Laying on the battlefield with a broken body, an Amali-Goth fighting for the Huns came up to Theodoric and killed him with a spear. The king’s slayers quickly fled to report of the deed.\n\nAs the riders came upon the scene, the king’s heir Thorismund was notified of the news. And the Goths sang no more. Some wept at the sight of their slain king they had followed out of doubt and into glory. While they mourned, the Huns across the field salted their wound as they celebrated the man who felled their king. The momentum had now turned against the Goths and all parties watching were unsure of what they would do. Many men in Thorismund’s position would have found an excuse to abandon danger and survive the failing battle. They had already honored their word at great cost. And the concerned Gothic lords asked their new king how they should proceed, but all words failed him. Thorismund’s tearful heartbreak then turned to wrath, and he blew his horn and called for all the riders onto his location.\n\nAt the front of the riders, Thorismund defiantly held his sword high and reared his horse. And when his steed’s two front legs stomped the ground, the riders answered his call of wrath with one voice, loud and terrible. A chilling cry from grieved men that go seeking death. The Huns were stunned by their renewed onset and pushed all the way into their camp. With Atilla’s focus shifted towards the Goths, Aetius threw in all his reserves to turn the battle into a stalemate. The battle was far from a decisive victory, but the next morning Atilla’s forces left the field. And his “aura of invincibility” shattered for the rest of his life.\n\nFor his prominent military service, Flavius Aetius would be assassinated by a jealous Emperor. And 25 years after this battle in 476 AD, a day came when the Western Roman Empire was no more. The Franks would also forsake their friendship with the Goths and drive them into Spain. But June 20th 451 AD was not this day. It was a day when a fellowship of men made their stand against the great unstoppable terror of their world.\n\n \n[Online Refrences]\n \n(https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-the-Catalaunian-Plains )\n \n(https://www.worldhistory.org/article/995/the-battle-of-the-catalaunian-fields/ )\n \n(https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/the-battle-of-chalons-attilas-stinging-defeat/ )\n \n(https://www.historynet.com/battle-of-chalons-attila-the-hun-versus-flavius-aetius/ )\n \n Artwork by Osprey Publishing(IF ANYONE CAN FIND THE SPECIFC ARTIST’S NAME PLEASE COMMENT BELOW SO I CAN GIVE PROPER CREDIT).\n\nAuthored by R.E. Foy\n \n\n#otd\n#onthisday\n#onthisdayinhistory\n#history\n\n", "mediaType": "text/plain" } }, "id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/797009067594752010/https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/1305125684468781076/entities/urn:activity:1650528455051186190/like" }, { "type": "Like", "actor": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/797009067594752010", "object": { "type": "Note", "id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/681757758671822852/entities/urn:activity:1613704293838229513", "attributedTo": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/681757758671822852", "content": "How do you \"fight hate\" without feeding it? Answer: You can't<br /><br /><a href=\"https://markcrispinmiller.substack.com/p/how-do-you-fight-hate-without-feeding\" target=\"_blank\">https://markcrispinmiller.substack.com/p/how-do-you-fight-hate-without-feeding</a>", "to": [ "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public" ], "cc": [ "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/681757758671822852/followers" ], "tag": [], "url": "https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/1613704293838229513", "published": "2024-03-10T23:24:44+00:00", "source": { "content": "How do you \"fight hate\" without feeding it? Answer: You can't\n\nhttps://markcrispinmiller.substack.com/p/how-do-you-fight-hate-without-feeding", "mediaType": "text/plain" } }, "id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/797009067594752010/https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/681757758671822852/entities/urn:activity:1613704293838229513/like" } ], "id": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/797009067594752010/liked", "partOf": "https://www.minds.com/api/activitypub/users/797009067594752010/likedoutbox" }