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"id": "https://laurenrelarkin.com/2024/07/21/6623/",
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"content": "<h2>Christ Who is Our Peace</h2><p><a href=\"https://youtu.be/OZAN0zqZdts\">https://youtu.be/OZAN0zqZdts</a></p><p>Psalm 23:1-3 Abba God is my shepherd; I shall not be in want. Abba God makes me lie down in green pastures and leads me beside still waters. God revives my soul and guides me along right pathways for God’s Name’s sake.</p><p><strong>Introduction</strong></p><p>At the end of last’s week sermon, we ended talking about remembrance, hope, and prayer. For Christians, when we gather to speak of, read of, hear of, and consume together with Christ in our weekly fellowship and worship, we are remembering Christ and by the power of the Holy Spirit, we are not just remembering Christ but participating the work of God made tangible in Christ: the divine revolution and mission of love, life, and liberation in the world for the beloved. This is truly <strong>εὐαγγέλιον. And if this is truly εὐαγγέλιον, then it is also the source and foundation of our hope that exists to sustain us <em>today</em>. </strong><strong></strong></p><p>In remembering and having hope we are led to pray, to bring ourselves deeply into God, to bend our knee (literal or figurative), to be creatures fully dependent on God. We remember, we have hope, and we pray, and it is this that is the beginning of all our activity within the walls of the church and without. As mentioned last week, “Prayer does not resign the believer to non-activity as if it is the final act in the face of trouble; it is the starting point. Prayer is how the believer unites with God and God’s passion for life, love, and liberation.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" id=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a> It is the bold request for God to enter in, to act; in prayer God is spoken <em>to</em> and <em>from</em>, in prayer God is remembered, so, too, the neighbor.”<a href=\"#_ftn2\" id=\"_ftnref2\">[2]</a></p><p>But the author of Ephesians isn’t done with us yet as if it’s just about remembering and hoping and praying. But that this remembering, hoping, and praying participates in making believers one with God and with each other in Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit and bringing them into the true peace that surpasses all understanding.</p><p><strong>Ephesians 2:11-22</strong></p><blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>For [Christ] is our peace, the one who made both [the Israelites and the Gentiles] one and [the one who] destroyed in his flesh the division-wall of the fence, [and] the enmity [between the two], and [the one who] rendered inoperative the law of the commands and public decrees, so that the two might build in him one new peace-making humanity… (Eph. 2:14-15)</p></blockquote><p>So, the author of Ephesians verbally exhorts us (using an imperative!) to <em>remember</em>. To remember what? Not only Christ but who we were prior to being encountered by Christ in the event of faith. …<em>remember that in the past you [were] Gentiles in the flesh, the ones who were called “The Uncircumcised” by the ones who were called “The Circumcised” in the flesh done by [human] hands </em>(v. 11). But that isn’t enough; Paul asks his audience to remember, further, <em>that </em>they<em> were for a time without Christ, having been alienated from the citizenship of Israel and a stranger of the covenant of the promise, not possessing hope and [were] without God in the cosmos</em> (v 12). Paul is eager to recreate the situation for the Ephesians to cause more than just recall but real, heart-felt remembering,<a href=\"#_ftn3\" id=\"_ftnref3\">[3]</a> pressing into the reality that apart from Christ they <em>were dead in </em>their<em> false-steps and missing the mark </em>(sin) (v 1), they were <em>strangers</em> to the promises of God, to Christ, and to the hope of God which is the hope of the reign of God in Christ.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" id=\"_ftnref4\">[4]</a><sup>,<a href=\"#_ftn5\" id=\"_ftnref5\">[5]</a></sup> According to Ephesians, the Gentiles were overcome by their own desires, turned in on themselves, stuck in place by division, and consumed by hostility. This isn’t something that someone can work themselves out of, no matter how hard they try. For Paul, it is only through the encounter with Christ where one finds God, finds their neighbor, and finds themself; it is only in Christ where one finds true life, love, and liberation.<a href=\"#_ftn6\" id=\"_ftnref6\">[6]</a> <em>But at this time <strong><u>you</u></strong> who were once far off <strong><u>you</u></strong> became near by the blood of Christ</em> (v 13). In other words, this is not <em>done by human hands</em> (χειροποιήτου in v 11), but by the love of God in Christ done by the power of the Spirit<a href=\"#_ftn7\" id=\"_ftnref7\">[7]</a> as the <em>down-payment</em> in lives of the believers in Ephesus.</p><p>This is why Christ is the peace of everyone—<em>for [Christ] is <strong>our</strong> peace</em> (v 14a)—Children of Israel and Gentiles combined. Because, as Paul writes, <em>the one who made both [the Israelites and the Gentiles] one and [the one who] destroyed in his flesh the division-wall of the fence, [and] the enmity [between the two], and [the one who] rendered inoperative the law of the commands and public decrees, so that the two might build in him one new peace-making humanity</em> (vv 14b-15). There is now no longer us v. them, insiders v. outsiders, elected v. not-elected, Israel v. Gentiles, the circumcised v. the not circumcised.<a href=\"#_ftn8\" id=\"_ftnref8\">[8]</a> There are not two groups, but one group. Thus, this peace Jesus brings in his own flesh, by the blood of the cross event and the glory of his resurrection is not just for privatized souls but for deprivatized humanity; it’s a socio-political event.<a href=\"#_ftn9\" id=\"_ftnref9\">[9]</a> There is now no wall that keeps some in and some out, some included and some excluded; there is now (absolutely) no line—whether 2-D or 3-D—that can render some humans “good” and others “bad” based on which side of that line they fall because that line has been destroyed<a href=\"#_ftn10\" id=\"_ftnref10\">[10]</a> and is now anathema for the believers and followers of Christ who benefit from the destruction of the <em>division-wall of the fence</em> by being included in to the heredity and mission of God by the work of Christ on the cross and the power of the Holy Spirits dwelling in their hearts.</p><p>And if the wall has been destroyed, so, too, division according to enmity,<a href=\"#_ftn11\" id=\"_ftnref11\">[11]</a> which is the hostility and intolerance fomented between the two groups that was the fruit of the division wall; it is the anger of the kingdoms of humanity turned inward to tear humanity apart.<a href=\"#_ftn12\" id=\"_ftnref12\">[12]</a> This includes the laws and public commandments used to make some clean and some unclean, some righteous and others unrighteous; these, too, like the wall and the enmity, have become inoperative in solidifying groups of people against each other. For Paul then writes, <em>and so he might completely reconcile both in one body for God through the cross he killed the hostility in himself</em> (v 16).By Christ’s work<a href=\"#_ftn13\" id=\"_ftnref13\">[13]</a>—the mission of God’s revolution of love, life, and liberation for the world—there is now no wall, thus no enmity, thus no law<a href=\"#_ftn14\" id=\"_ftnref14\">[14]</a> that can keep anyone out and in this radical establishment of divine equity, there is peace<a href=\"#_ftn15\" id=\"_ftnref15\">[15]</a>—true peace that is not contingent on one group suffering under the weight of another.</p><p>Then the letter continues, <em>[Christ] came and brought peace to you (all) who were far-off and peace to you (all) who were near because through him we—both in one spirit—possess access to God therefore now you are no longer a stranger and sojourner but you are a fellow citizens with the saints and of the family of God </em>(vv 17-19). In Christ, these two have become one<a href=\"#_ftn16\" id=\"_ftnref16\">[16]</a> and <em>together</em> they will dwell in and with God and they will have real peace—the type of peace that threatens the <em>principalities and powers </em>of the kingdom of humanity. <a href=\"#_ftn17\" id=\"_ftnref17\">[17]</a> But this peace brought by Christ is more than reconciliation with each other, it is also reconciliation with God, thus, these two who are now one become the dwelling place of God. <a href=\"#_ftn18\" id=\"_ftnref18\">[18]</a> As Paul continues,<em> being built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets—Jesus Christ himself being the cornerstone—in whom all building is being fitted together and grows itself into a holy temple in the lord in whom <strong><u>you</u></strong>, <strong><u>you</u></strong> also were built together into the dwelling place of God in Spirit</em> (vv 20-22). Boldly Ephesians declares, where there is a lack of enmity and hostility, division walls and lines, laws and commands geared to keep some in and some out, there God is and there the saints of God are; no one is excluded and left out and the church is caught up in this radical inclusion and equity, snatched into this divine peace that knows absolutely positively no walls or dividing lines.<a href=\"#_ftn19\" id=\"_ftnref19\">[19]</a><sup>,<a href=\"#_ftn20\" id=\"_ftnref20\">[20]</a></sup></p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p><p>The church is without excuse here, according to Ephesians. Peace—the very peace Christ brings through his birth, life, death, resurrection and ascension—is peace that is not contingent on the kingdom of humanity but dependent on the reign of God. It is peace that arises in the communion of humanity with humanity, humanity with God, and humanity with creation; it is peace that manifests within and among humanity in its unity to the glory of God, which is in opposition to the “peace” (i.e. “security” (“control”)) of the kingdom of humanity that thrives on the humanity’s disunity. None of us who claim to follow Christ can afford to support systems dead set on dividing and conquering, oppressing and marginalizing, and fostering anger and fear; these systems are antithetical to the gospel of Christ and to the faith and praxis of the believer in the world before God and neighbor. None of us who claim to follow Christ can find peace (and hope) anywhere else apart from God: not in federal positions and presidents, not in parties and platforms, not in promises and progress <em>made with human hands</em>. We can only find true peace in our reconciliation with God, which is reconciliation with our neighbor, and, thus, these two combined give us reconciliation with ourselves because we have been made one with our neighbor and thus have become the dwelling place of God.</p><p>We cannot find peace by building the world we long for with human hands because as soon as we build it it has expired and must be torn down to allow something new to be born. We cannot find peace by turning the gospel into a law as if it can found a nation that would only gift life, love, and liberation to those who qualify. We cannot find peace by letting enmity and hostility be the mortar holding the bricks of the division-wall together. We cannot find peace by legislating Christianity because the doctrines born of the second word of God that form the tissue of the Christian Church inherently resist such socio-political ossification. We can and will only find peace by pressing further into God, clinging to God’s Word in Christ, and leaning into the guidance and leading of the Spirit of God, the guarantor of the new covenant, the down payment of our adoption into God, and the fertile soil making us one with God, with our neighbor, thus, with ourselves. It is only here, in God and with God, do we find true and lasting peace that surpasses all understanding.</p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" /><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" id=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> See Sölle, Choosing Life, pp. 92-93</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" id=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> This portion is taken from, Lauren R.E. Larkin, “Leaving Heaven Behind: Paradoxical Identity as the Anchor of Dorothee Sölle’s Theology of Political Resistance,” PhD Dissertation (University of Aberdeen, 2024), 202.</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" id=\"_ftn3\">[3]</a> Barth, Markus, <em>Ephesians: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary on Chapters 1-3</em>, The Anchor Bible Series (Garden City: Doubleday, 1971), 254. “Repentance, decision, and gratitude are called for, not a mental recollection only.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" id=\"_ftn4\">[4]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 257. “In Eph 2:12 a <em>status</em> of strangership is described, not an <em>event</em> leading to estrangement.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" id=\"_ftn5\">[5]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 259. \\“Unless Paul flippantly denied or dispossessed the Gentiles of any hope he must have meant a specific hope. This ‘hope,’ then, could be understood as fostered in the minds of the Jews, because it was founded and guaranteed in the heart of God or ‘laid up in heaven’……It is the hope for the promised messiah from the root of David…”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" id=\"_ftn6\">[6]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 254. “Paul’s thought moves from men in the grip of ‘flesh’ (2:11), over the work performed in ‘Christ’s flesh’ (2:14, to the operation of the ‘Spirit’ (2:18). Nothing can prevent the ‘Spirit’ from operating ‘in the realm of flesh.’”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" id=\"_ftn7\">[7]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 255. “As the building of the temple by God is contrasted to the construction of temples by men, so circumcision of the heart…highly excels handmade circumcision.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" id=\"_ftn8\">[8]</a> Allen Verhey and Joseph S. Harvard, <em>Ephesians</em>, Belief: A Theological Commentary on the Bible, eds. Amy Plantinga Pauw and William C. Placher (Louisville: WJK, 2011), 93. “If it was especially the Jewish Christian who needed to be reminded earlier that <em>all</em> are ‘sinners,’ not just the ‘uncircumcised,’ not just the Gentiles, and that <em>all </em>are brought from death to life by the gift of God’s grace, not by ‘works’ of the law, the Gentiles are now reminded of the promises <em>to Israel</em> and that it is in the Jewish Messiah that they are given a share in them.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" id=\"_ftn9\">[9]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 262. “Christ is praised here not primarily for the peace he bring to individual souls; rather the peace he brings is a social and political event…”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" id=\"_ftn10\">[10]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 263-264. “The combination of the two Greek nouns yields a composite sense: it is a wall that prevents certain person from entering a house or a city (cf. 2:19), and is as much a mark of hostility (2:14, 16) as, e.g. a ghetto wall, the Iron Curtain the Berlin Wall, a racial barrier, or a railroad track that separates the right from the wrong side of the city, not to speak of the wall between state and church.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" id=\"_ftn11\">[11]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 264. “In this case, the ‘enmity’ is as much the object of destruction as the wall.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" id=\"_ftn12\">[12]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 264. “The word ‘enmity’ defines the separation between Jews and Gentiles more specifically: this segregation implies intolerance, and is a passionate, totalitarian, bellicose affair. While the ‘enmity’ mentioned at the end of vs. 16 is the one-sided enmity of man against God, the ‘enmity’ of vs. 14 is mutual among men.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" id=\"_ftn13\">[13]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 265. “…the context of Eph 2:15 reveals that for the author (as much as for Paul himself) the death of Christ rather than the promulgation of new decrees stood behind the abolition of the divisive statutes.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" id=\"_ftn14\">[14]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 264. Wall, enmity, and law “Each of these terms throws light on the others; the author wants them to be considered as synonyms.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" id=\"_ftn15\">[15]</a> Verhey and Harvard, <em>Ephesians</em>, 96. “…God seals a ‘new covenant’ in ‘the blood of Christ.” And in that ‘new covenant’ there is a new community, a community of both Jew and Gentile, a community that shares the memory of Christ and the hope of God’s promises with a common meal.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" id=\"_ftn16\">[16]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 272. “After showing that the church exists only as a unity, that is, as one new man created out of Jews and Gentiles, the apostle does not proceed to split t into halves.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" id=\"_ftn17\">[17]</a> Verhey and Harvard, <em>Ephesians</em>, 97. “But this was not merely an idea, as the reality of baptism makes clear. This was not merely an ideal that exists outside history and toward which we must strive. This was and is a reality wrought in Christ on the cross and displayed in the churches when God initiates diverse people into Christ and into the church. Ideals are powerless against the forces in this world that divide and abuse, against the principalities and power that nurture cultures of enmity. But those forces are and will be finally powerless against the promise and reality of God’s future.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" id=\"_ftn18\">[18]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 274. “The church herself is not reconciliation but she lives form it and manifests it. She serves the glory of God inasmuch as her members mutually assist, support, and strengthen one another. Neither jews nor Gentiles nor any individual can independently claim after Christ’s coming to offer an appropriate residence For God but Jews and Gentiles together are now ordained by God to become his temple.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" id=\"_ftn19\">[19]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 324-325. “Now the church is the sign of his mercy, his peace, and his nearness the whole world. If God can and will use people are who are as tempted and weak as the Christian are, then he is certainly able and willing to exclude no one from his realm. The church lives by this hope and bears witness to it publicly.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" id=\"_ftn20\">[20]</a> Verhey and Harvard, <em>Ephesians</em>, 98. “They are called to break down the walls and to perform this new social reality by forming friendships with the people on the other side of the aisle, or on the other side of town.”</p><p><a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/beloved/\">#Beloved</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/choosing-life/\">#ChoosingLife</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/christian-nationalism/\">#ChristianNationalism</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/dividing-wall/\">#DividingWall</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/divine-love/\">#DivineLove</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/divine-peace/\">#DivinePeace</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/division/\">#Division</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/dorothee-solle/\">#DorotheeSölle</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/ephesians/\">#Ephesians</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/hope/\">#Hope</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/jesus/\">#Jesus</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/law-and-gospel/\">#LawAndGospel</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/love/\">#Love</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/love-of-neighbor/\">#LoveOfNeighbor</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/markus-barth/\">#MarkusBarth</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/peace/\">#Peace</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/union-with-god/\">#UnionWithGod</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/union-with-self/\">#UnionWithSelf</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/union-with-the-neighbor/\">#UnionWithTheNeighbor</a></p>",
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"en": "<h2>Christ Who is Our Peace</h2><p><a href=\"https://youtu.be/OZAN0zqZdts\">https://youtu.be/OZAN0zqZdts</a></p><p>Psalm 23:1-3 Abba God is my shepherd; I shall not be in want. Abba God makes me lie down in green pastures and leads me beside still waters. God revives my soul and guides me along right pathways for God’s Name’s sake.</p><p><strong>Introduction</strong></p><p>At the end of last’s week sermon, we ended talking about remembrance, hope, and prayer. For Christians, when we gather to speak of, read of, hear of, and consume together with Christ in our weekly fellowship and worship, we are remembering Christ and by the power of the Holy Spirit, we are not just remembering Christ but participating the work of God made tangible in Christ: the divine revolution and mission of love, life, and liberation in the world for the beloved. This is truly <strong>εὐαγγέλιον. And if this is truly εὐαγγέλιον, then it is also the source and foundation of our hope that exists to sustain us <em>today</em>. </strong><strong></strong></p><p>In remembering and having hope we are led to pray, to bring ourselves deeply into God, to bend our knee (literal or figurative), to be creatures fully dependent on God. We remember, we have hope, and we pray, and it is this that is the beginning of all our activity within the walls of the church and without. As mentioned last week, “Prayer does not resign the believer to non-activity as if it is the final act in the face of trouble; it is the starting point. Prayer is how the believer unites with God and God’s passion for life, love, and liberation.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" id=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a> It is the bold request for God to enter in, to act; in prayer God is spoken <em>to</em> and <em>from</em>, in prayer God is remembered, so, too, the neighbor.”<a href=\"#_ftn2\" id=\"_ftnref2\">[2]</a></p><p>But the author of Ephesians isn’t done with us yet as if it’s just about remembering and hoping and praying. But that this remembering, hoping, and praying participates in making believers one with God and with each other in Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit and bringing them into the true peace that surpasses all understanding.</p><p><strong>Ephesians 2:11-22</strong></p><blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>For [Christ] is our peace, the one who made both [the Israelites and the Gentiles] one and [the one who] destroyed in his flesh the division-wall of the fence, [and] the enmity [between the two], and [the one who] rendered inoperative the law of the commands and public decrees, so that the two might build in him one new peace-making humanity… (Eph. 2:14-15)</p></blockquote><p>So, the author of Ephesians verbally exhorts us (using an imperative!) to <em>remember</em>. To remember what? Not only Christ but who we were prior to being encountered by Christ in the event of faith. …<em>remember that in the past you [were] Gentiles in the flesh, the ones who were called “The Uncircumcised” by the ones who were called “The Circumcised” in the flesh done by [human] hands </em>(v. 11). But that isn’t enough; Paul asks his audience to remember, further, <em>that </em>they<em> were for a time without Christ, having been alienated from the citizenship of Israel and a stranger of the covenant of the promise, not possessing hope and [were] without God in the cosmos</em> (v 12). Paul is eager to recreate the situation for the Ephesians to cause more than just recall but real, heart-felt remembering,<a href=\"#_ftn3\" id=\"_ftnref3\">[3]</a> pressing into the reality that apart from Christ they <em>were dead in </em>their<em> false-steps and missing the mark </em>(sin) (v 1), they were <em>strangers</em> to the promises of God, to Christ, and to the hope of God which is the hope of the reign of God in Christ.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" id=\"_ftnref4\">[4]</a><sup>,<a href=\"#_ftn5\" id=\"_ftnref5\">[5]</a></sup> According to Ephesians, the Gentiles were overcome by their own desires, turned in on themselves, stuck in place by division, and consumed by hostility. This isn’t something that someone can work themselves out of, no matter how hard they try. For Paul, it is only through the encounter with Christ where one finds God, finds their neighbor, and finds themself; it is only in Christ where one finds true life, love, and liberation.<a href=\"#_ftn6\" id=\"_ftnref6\">[6]</a> <em>But at this time <strong><u>you</u></strong> who were once far off <strong><u>you</u></strong> became near by the blood of Christ</em> (v 13). In other words, this is not <em>done by human hands</em> (χειροποιήτου in v 11), but by the love of God in Christ done by the power of the Spirit<a href=\"#_ftn7\" id=\"_ftnref7\">[7]</a> as the <em>down-payment</em> in lives of the believers in Ephesus.</p><p>This is why Christ is the peace of everyone—<em>for [Christ] is <strong>our</strong> peace</em> (v 14a)—Children of Israel and Gentiles combined. Because, as Paul writes, <em>the one who made both [the Israelites and the Gentiles] one and [the one who] destroyed in his flesh the division-wall of the fence, [and] the enmity [between the two], and [the one who] rendered inoperative the law of the commands and public decrees, so that the two might build in him one new peace-making humanity</em> (vv 14b-15). There is now no longer us v. them, insiders v. outsiders, elected v. not-elected, Israel v. Gentiles, the circumcised v. the not circumcised.<a href=\"#_ftn8\" id=\"_ftnref8\">[8]</a> There are not two groups, but one group. Thus, this peace Jesus brings in his own flesh, by the blood of the cross event and the glory of his resurrection is not just for privatized souls but for deprivatized humanity; it’s a socio-political event.<a href=\"#_ftn9\" id=\"_ftnref9\">[9]</a> There is now no wall that keeps some in and some out, some included and some excluded; there is now (absolutely) no line—whether 2-D or 3-D—that can render some humans “good” and others “bad” based on which side of that line they fall because that line has been destroyed<a href=\"#_ftn10\" id=\"_ftnref10\">[10]</a> and is now anathema for the believers and followers of Christ who benefit from the destruction of the <em>division-wall of the fence</em> by being included in to the heredity and mission of God by the work of Christ on the cross and the power of the Holy Spirits dwelling in their hearts.</p><p>And if the wall has been destroyed, so, too, division according to enmity,<a href=\"#_ftn11\" id=\"_ftnref11\">[11]</a> which is the hostility and intolerance fomented between the two groups that was the fruit of the division wall; it is the anger of the kingdoms of humanity turned inward to tear humanity apart.<a href=\"#_ftn12\" id=\"_ftnref12\">[12]</a> This includes the laws and public commandments used to make some clean and some unclean, some righteous and others unrighteous; these, too, like the wall and the enmity, have become inoperative in solidifying groups of people against each other. For Paul then writes, <em>and so he might completely reconcile both in one body for God through the cross he killed the hostility in himself</em> (v 16).By Christ’s work<a href=\"#_ftn13\" id=\"_ftnref13\">[13]</a>—the mission of God’s revolution of love, life, and liberation for the world—there is now no wall, thus no enmity, thus no law<a href=\"#_ftn14\" id=\"_ftnref14\">[14]</a> that can keep anyone out and in this radical establishment of divine equity, there is peace<a href=\"#_ftn15\" id=\"_ftnref15\">[15]</a>—true peace that is not contingent on one group suffering under the weight of another.</p><p>Then the letter continues, <em>[Christ] came and brought peace to you (all) who were far-off and peace to you (all) who were near because through him we—both in one spirit—possess access to God therefore now you are no longer a stranger and sojourner but you are a fellow citizens with the saints and of the family of God </em>(vv 17-19). In Christ, these two have become one<a href=\"#_ftn16\" id=\"_ftnref16\">[16]</a> and <em>together</em> they will dwell in and with God and they will have real peace—the type of peace that threatens the <em>principalities and powers </em>of the kingdom of humanity. <a href=\"#_ftn17\" id=\"_ftnref17\">[17]</a> But this peace brought by Christ is more than reconciliation with each other, it is also reconciliation with God, thus, these two who are now one become the dwelling place of God. <a href=\"#_ftn18\" id=\"_ftnref18\">[18]</a> As Paul continues,<em> being built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets—Jesus Christ himself being the cornerstone—in whom all building is being fitted together and grows itself into a holy temple in the lord in whom <strong><u>you</u></strong>, <strong><u>you</u></strong> also were built together into the dwelling place of God in Spirit</em> (vv 20-22). Boldly Ephesians declares, where there is a lack of enmity and hostility, division walls and lines, laws and commands geared to keep some in and some out, there God is and there the saints of God are; no one is excluded and left out and the church is caught up in this radical inclusion and equity, snatched into this divine peace that knows absolutely positively no walls or dividing lines.<a href=\"#_ftn19\" id=\"_ftnref19\">[19]</a><sup>,<a href=\"#_ftn20\" id=\"_ftnref20\">[20]</a></sup></p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p><p>The church is without excuse here, according to Ephesians. Peace—the very peace Christ brings through his birth, life, death, resurrection and ascension—is peace that is not contingent on the kingdom of humanity but dependent on the reign of God. It is peace that arises in the communion of humanity with humanity, humanity with God, and humanity with creation; it is peace that manifests within and among humanity in its unity to the glory of God, which is in opposition to the “peace” (i.e. “security” (“control”)) of the kingdom of humanity that thrives on the humanity’s disunity. None of us who claim to follow Christ can afford to support systems dead set on dividing and conquering, oppressing and marginalizing, and fostering anger and fear; these systems are antithetical to the gospel of Christ and to the faith and praxis of the believer in the world before God and neighbor. None of us who claim to follow Christ can find peace (and hope) anywhere else apart from God: not in federal positions and presidents, not in parties and platforms, not in promises and progress <em>made with human hands</em>. We can only find true peace in our reconciliation with God, which is reconciliation with our neighbor, and, thus, these two combined give us reconciliation with ourselves because we have been made one with our neighbor and thus have become the dwelling place of God.</p><p>We cannot find peace by building the world we long for with human hands because as soon as we build it it has expired and must be torn down to allow something new to be born. We cannot find peace by turning the gospel into a law as if it can found a nation that would only gift life, love, and liberation to those who qualify. We cannot find peace by letting enmity and hostility be the mortar holding the bricks of the division-wall together. We cannot find peace by legislating Christianity because the doctrines born of the second word of God that form the tissue of the Christian Church inherently resist such socio-political ossification. We can and will only find peace by pressing further into God, clinging to God’s Word in Christ, and leaning into the guidance and leading of the Spirit of God, the guarantor of the new covenant, the down payment of our adoption into God, and the fertile soil making us one with God, with our neighbor, thus, with ourselves. It is only here, in God and with God, do we find true and lasting peace that surpasses all understanding.</p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" /><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" id=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> See Sölle, Choosing Life, pp. 92-93</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" id=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> This portion is taken from, Lauren R.E. Larkin, “Leaving Heaven Behind: Paradoxical Identity as the Anchor of Dorothee Sölle’s Theology of Political Resistance,” PhD Dissertation (University of Aberdeen, 2024), 202.</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" id=\"_ftn3\">[3]</a> Barth, Markus, <em>Ephesians: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary on Chapters 1-3</em>, The Anchor Bible Series (Garden City: Doubleday, 1971), 254. “Repentance, decision, and gratitude are called for, not a mental recollection only.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" id=\"_ftn4\">[4]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 257. “In Eph 2:12 a <em>status</em> of strangership is described, not an <em>event</em> leading to estrangement.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" id=\"_ftn5\">[5]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 259. \\“Unless Paul flippantly denied or dispossessed the Gentiles of any hope he must have meant a specific hope. This ‘hope,’ then, could be understood as fostered in the minds of the Jews, because it was founded and guaranteed in the heart of God or ‘laid up in heaven’……It is the hope for the promised messiah from the root of David…”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" id=\"_ftn6\">[6]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 254. “Paul’s thought moves from men in the grip of ‘flesh’ (2:11), over the work performed in ‘Christ’s flesh’ (2:14, to the operation of the ‘Spirit’ (2:18). Nothing can prevent the ‘Spirit’ from operating ‘in the realm of flesh.’”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" id=\"_ftn7\">[7]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 255. “As the building of the temple by God is contrasted to the construction of temples by men, so circumcision of the heart…highly excels handmade circumcision.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" id=\"_ftn8\">[8]</a> Allen Verhey and Joseph S. Harvard, <em>Ephesians</em>, Belief: A Theological Commentary on the Bible, eds. Amy Plantinga Pauw and William C. Placher (Louisville: WJK, 2011), 93. “If it was especially the Jewish Christian who needed to be reminded earlier that <em>all</em> are ‘sinners,’ not just the ‘uncircumcised,’ not just the Gentiles, and that <em>all </em>are brought from death to life by the gift of God’s grace, not by ‘works’ of the law, the Gentiles are now reminded of the promises <em>to Israel</em> and that it is in the Jewish Messiah that they are given a share in them.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" id=\"_ftn9\">[9]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 262. “Christ is praised here not primarily for the peace he bring to individual souls; rather the peace he brings is a social and political event…”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" id=\"_ftn10\">[10]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 263-264. “The combination of the two Greek nouns yields a composite sense: it is a wall that prevents certain person from entering a house or a city (cf. 2:19), and is as much a mark of hostility (2:14, 16) as, e.g. a ghetto wall, the Iron Curtain the Berlin Wall, a racial barrier, or a railroad track that separates the right from the wrong side of the city, not to speak of the wall between state and church.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" id=\"_ftn11\">[11]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 264. “In this case, the ‘enmity’ is as much the object of destruction as the wall.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" id=\"_ftn12\">[12]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 264. “The word ‘enmity’ defines the separation between Jews and Gentiles more specifically: this segregation implies intolerance, and is a passionate, totalitarian, bellicose affair. While the ‘enmity’ mentioned at the end of vs. 16 is the one-sided enmity of man against God, the ‘enmity’ of vs. 14 is mutual among men.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" id=\"_ftn13\">[13]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 265. “…the context of Eph 2:15 reveals that for the author (as much as for Paul himself) the death of Christ rather than the promulgation of new decrees stood behind the abolition of the divisive statutes.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" id=\"_ftn14\">[14]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 264. Wall, enmity, and law “Each of these terms throws light on the others; the author wants them to be considered as synonyms.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" id=\"_ftn15\">[15]</a> Verhey and Harvard, <em>Ephesians</em>, 96. “…God seals a ‘new covenant’ in ‘the blood of Christ.” And in that ‘new covenant’ there is a new community, a community of both Jew and Gentile, a community that shares the memory of Christ and the hope of God’s promises with a common meal.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" id=\"_ftn16\">[16]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 272. “After showing that the church exists only as a unity, that is, as one new man created out of Jews and Gentiles, the apostle does not proceed to split t into halves.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" id=\"_ftn17\">[17]</a> Verhey and Harvard, <em>Ephesians</em>, 97. “But this was not merely an idea, as the reality of baptism makes clear. This was not merely an ideal that exists outside history and toward which we must strive. This was and is a reality wrought in Christ on the cross and displayed in the churches when God initiates diverse people into Christ and into the church. Ideals are powerless against the forces in this world that divide and abuse, against the principalities and power that nurture cultures of enmity. But those forces are and will be finally powerless against the promise and reality of God’s future.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" id=\"_ftn18\">[18]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 274. “The church herself is not reconciliation but she lives form it and manifests it. She serves the glory of God inasmuch as her members mutually assist, support, and strengthen one another. Neither jews nor Gentiles nor any individual can independently claim after Christ’s coming to offer an appropriate residence For God but Jews and Gentiles together are now ordained by God to become his temple.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" id=\"_ftn19\">[19]</a> Barth, <em>Ephesians</em>, 324-325. “Now the church is the sign of his mercy, his peace, and his nearness the whole world. If God can and will use people are who are as tempted and weak as the Christian are, then he is certainly able and willing to exclude no one from his realm. The church lives by this hope and bears witness to it publicly.”</p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" id=\"_ftn20\">[20]</a> Verhey and Harvard, <em>Ephesians</em>, 98. “They are called to break down the walls and to perform this new social reality by forming friendships with the people on the other side of the aisle, or on the other side of town.”</p><p><a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/beloved/\">#Beloved</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/choosing-life/\">#ChoosingLife</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/christian-nationalism/\">#ChristianNationalism</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/dividing-wall/\">#DividingWall</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/divine-love/\">#DivineLove</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/divine-peace/\">#DivinePeace</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/division/\">#Division</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/dorothee-solle/\">#DorotheeSölle</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/ephesians/\">#Ephesians</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/hope/\">#Hope</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/jesus/\">#Jesus</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/law-and-gospel/\">#LawAndGospel</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/love/\">#Love</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/love-of-neighbor/\">#LoveOfNeighbor</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/markus-barth/\">#MarkusBarth</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/peace/\">#Peace</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/union-with-god/\">#UnionWithGod</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/union-with-self/\">#UnionWithSelf</a> <a rel=\"tag\" class=\"hashtag u-tag u-category\" href=\"https://laurenrelarkin.com/tag/union-with-the-neighbor/\">#UnionWithTheNeighbor</a></p>"
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